The Fascinating World of Pearls: A Dive into History, Types and Latest Fashion Trends

Pearls have captivated people for thousands of years, admired for their natural beauty and elegance. Unlike other gems that are mined from the earth, pearls are created by living creatures—making them truly one-of-a-kind. Let’s take a closer look at the rich history of pearls, their role in current fashion trends (yes, even for men!), and the many different types out there.

Gemmology Obsession Desk while grading pearls

A Brief History of Pearls

Pearls have been cherished since ancient times. In fact, they’re considered one of the world’s oldest gems. Ancient civilizations, from the Egyptians to the Chinese, prized pearls for their rarity and beauty. Cleopatra, the last queen of Egypt, was said to have dissolved a pearl in vinegar and drank it—just to prove how wealthy and luxurious she was!

Pearls were once so valuable that they were reserved only for royalty and the wealthy elite. During the Roman Empire, wearing pearls was a status symbol, while in medieval times, they symbolized purity. Over the years, pearls became more accessible with the advent of cultured pearls (but more on that later), making them a beloved gem for everyone.

Pearls in Current Fashion Trends

Dimitri from Gemmology Obsession attending Goldsmith's Fair wearing a double row of Pearl Necklace with Topaz Pendant

In today’s world, pearls aren’t just for your grandma’s jewellery box. They’re making a big comeback in the fashion world, appearing in all sorts of modern, stylish designs. From oversized pearl earrings to dainty pearl rings, they’re a favorite among fashionistas.

One of the most exciting trends is seeing men embrace pearls. From Harry Styles to Pharrell Williams to myself, pearls are no longer just for women. Men are rocking pearl necklaces and bracelets, breaking the old stereotypes and making pearls a symbol of individual expression and style.

Types of Pearls: The Many Varieties

Now, let’s talk about the different types of pearls you’ll come across. Pearls can be classified in a few ways—by their origin, their shape, and even their colour. Here are some of the most popular types:

1. Akoya Pearls:

Akoya pearls are the classic white or cream pearls that most people think of when they hear the word “pearl.” They’re cultured primarily in Japan and China, and are known for their perfectly round shape and brilliant luster.

2. South Sea Pearls:

These pearls are some of the largest and most expensive. They come from the warm waters of Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. South Sea pearls can range from white to gold in colour and are often used in statement jewellery.

3. Tahitian Pearls:

Tahitian pearls, often called “black pearls,” aren’t actually black. They can be a variety of colours, from green to purple to silver. These pearls are cultured in French Polynesia and are known for their dark and exotic hues.

4. Freshwater Pearls:

Freshwater pearls are cultivated in rivers and lakes, primarily in China. They come in all sorts of shapes, sizes, and colours, making them a popular choice for affordable pearl jewellery. While they don’t have the high luster of Akoya or South Sea pearls, they’re versatile and fun to wear.

5. Baroque Pearls:

Baroque pearls are the rebels of the pearl world. They have irregular, non-spherical shapes and are loved for their uniqueness. No two baroque pearls are the same, making them perfect for those who want something truly one-of-a-kind.

6. Keshi Pearls:

Keshi pearls are actually a byproduct of the culturing process and are known for their tiny, irregular shapes. They often have a high luster, and because they’re made entirely of nacre, they can be quite valuable.

Where Are Pearls Found?

Most pearls today are cultured, meaning they’re grown in pearl farms, but the type of water they’re grown in varies:

- Akoya Pearls: Mostly farmed in Japan and China’s coastal waters.

- South Sea Pearls: Farmed in Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

- Tahitian Pearls: Cultured in the warm waters of French Polynesia.

- Freshwater Pearls: Primarily grown in China’s rivers and lakes.

Natural pearls (those formed without human intervention) are incredibly rare today. They were once found in places like the Persian Gulf, but overfishing has made them scarce.

Pearls: A Gem for Everyone

Whether you’re into classic styles or cutting-edge fashion, there’s a pearl out there for you. With their rich history, variety, and growing popularity across all genders, pearls are no longer just for special occasions—they’re for anyone who loves timeless beauty with a modern twist. So why not add some pearls to your collection and start your own part in the gem’s history?